Pertinacious
“Pertinacious”是形容词,描述人极其坚持己见、难以说服,可褒可贬:褒义指不屈不挠(pertinacious pursuit of justice 对正义的执着追求),贬义指顽固固执(a pertinacious critic 一个死脑筋的批评者)。属于较正式的文学或书面词汇。
- “His pertinacious questioning finally uncovered the truth.” (他锲而不舍的追问终于揭开了真相。)
- “The lawyer was pertinacious in defending her client’s rights.” (这位律师顽强地维护当事人的权利。)
- “Some called him determined; others found him merely pertinacious.” (有人称他坚定,也有人觉得他只是固执。)
来自拉丁语 pertinax(固执的),由 per-(彻底)与 tenax(紧握的)构成,与 “tenacious”(顽强的)同源。核心意象是“紧紧抓住不放”。
“-acious” 是形容词后缀,表示“具有……性质的”,类似 “tenacious”、“audacious”。无前缀以外的显著词缀。
“Pertinacious” 在现代英语中使用频率较低,多出现在法律文件、文学作品或正式评论中。日常交流更常用 “stubborn” 或 “tenacious”。了解该词有助于阅读经典文学和高级文本。
- 固定搭配: “pertinacious effort” (坚持不懈的努力), “pertinacious refusal” (顽固的拒绝), “pertinacious pursuit” (执着的追求)
词根 ten-(握、持)与 “tenacious” 相同:紧紧握住观点不放,就是 pertinacious——执拗的、顽强的。
“The pertinacious journalist refused to drop the story, even when powerful figures tried to silence her.” (这位执着的记者拒绝放弃报道,即使权势人物试图让她闭嘴。)