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智析单词书

Perfunctory

分析词义

Section titled “分析词义”

“Perfunctory”是形容词，指做事敷衍了事、缺乏投入与诚意的，强调形式上完成义务而内心并不认真对待。

列举例句

Section titled “列举例句”
  1. “He gave a perfunctory nod and returned to his phone.” (他敷衍地点了点头，又低头看手机。)
  2. “The inspection was perfunctory at best.” (这次检查充其量只是走过场。)
  3. “She offered a perfunctory apology without real remorse.” (她敷衍地道了歉，并无真正悔意。)

词根分析

Section titled “词根分析”

词根”perfunct-”来自拉丁语”perfungi”（履行完毕），由”per-”（完全）与”fungi”（perform，履行）组成，原义为”做完即可”。

词缀分析

Section titled “词缀分析”

“Perfunctory”由词根”perfunct-”加形容词后缀”-ory”构成。

文化背景

Section titled “文化背景”

在职场与服务质量讨论中，“perfunctory service”（敷衍的服务）是常见批评；该词准确刻画了”形式上合规、实质上马虎”的态度。

单词变形

Section titled “单词变形”
  • 固定搭配: “perfunctory manner” (敷衍的态度), “perfunctory greeting” (敷衍的问候), “perfunctory check” (草草检查)

记忆辅助

Section titled “记忆辅助”

“per-”（完全）+ “funct”（履行功能）→ 只把功能履行完就走人，不求质量，即敷衍的 perfunctory。

助记故事

Section titled “助记故事”

“The clerk performed a perfunctory scan of the documents and waved the customer through. No one noticed the missing signature.” (职员草草扫了一眼文件就放客户过去，没人注意到漏了签名。)