Orthography
“Orthography” 指书面语言的拼写规则与标准写法,也泛指某文本的拼写质量。英语 orthography 历史复杂,同一音可有多种拼法。
- “English orthography is notoriously irregular.” (英语拼写出了名的不规则。)
- “The manuscript was checked for orthography and grammar.” (手稿经拼写与语法校对。)
- “Reforms to French orthography sparked public debate.” (法语拼写改革引发公众争论。)
希腊语 orthos(正确)+ graphē(书写),即“正确的书写方式”。
前缀 ortho-(正、规范)+ -graphy(书写、记录),同类词 geography, biography。
语言改革、识字教育与出版规范都会涉及 orthography;中文语境常对应“正字法/规范字形”。
- 固定搭配: “standard orthography” (标准拼写), “orthography reform” (拼写改革), “correct orthography” (正确拼写)
- 形容词: orthographic
ortho(正确)+ graphy(书写)→ 怎样写才算“正确”的规则。
“The teacher spent a lesson on medieval orthography and how it differs from modern spelling.” (老师用一节课讲中世纪拼写与现代拼写的差异。)