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Negligence

“Negligence” 是一个名词。它指的是由于不小心或不重视而未能做到应做的事情。在法律语境下,它是一个核心术语,指一个人由于未达到合理的注意标准而导致他人受伤或财产损失的行为。

  1. “The car accident was caused by the driver’s negligence.” (这起车祸是由司机的疏忽大意造成的。)
  2. “The hospital was sued for medical negligence.” (这家医院因医疗事故/医疗过失被起诉。)
  3. “Negligence in maintaining the building led to the fire.” (维护大楼时的疏忽导致了火灾。)

源自拉丁语 “negligentia”,词根是 “negligere”(忽略/轻视)。由 “nec”(不)+ “legere”(采集/选择)组成。字面意思就是“没有去理会/不去挑选”。

  • 词根: “neglig-” (忽略)
  • 后缀: “-ence” (抽象名词后缀)

在法治社会中,“negligence” 是民事诉讼中最重要的概念之一。它强调的是社会责任:每个人都有义务在行动中保持谨慎,以避免伤害他人。

  • 形容词: negligent (疏忽的)
  • 副词: negligently (疏忽地)
  • 动词: neglect (忽视)

将它与 “neglect”(忽视)联系起来。如果你 neglect(忽视)了你的职责,你就犯了 negligence(疏忽罪)。

“The dam was built many years ago, and for a long time, it protected the valley. However, over time, the city government failed to check the structure. This negligence cost them dearly when a heavy rain caused the dam to break, flooding the entire town below.” (大坝建于多年前,长久以来一直保护着山谷。然而,随着时间的推移,市政府未能检查大坝结构。由于这种疏忽,当一场大雨导致大坝决堤时,他们付出了惨重的代价,洪水淹没了下面的整个城镇。)