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Needs

“Needs” 主要有两个用法。作为名词,它是 “need” 的复数形式,指代多种需求。作为副词(通常与 “must” 连用,如 “must needs”),它是一种较古老、正式的表达方式,意为“必然”、“不得不”。

  1. “Every child has basic needs for food and love.” (每个孩子都有对食物和爱的基本需求。)
  2. “He must needs go where his heart leads him.” (他必然会去他内心指引他去的地方。)
  3. “The company is focusing on the specific needs of its customers.” (公司正在专注于其客户的特定需求。)

词根是 “need”,源自古英语 “nēad”(必然、压力、缺乏)。

  • 词根: “need”
  • 词缀: “-s” (名词复数后缀,或古英语中残留的副词形式)

短语 “must needs” 带有很强的文学色彩,常出现在莎士比亚或圣经等古文学作品中。在现代英语中,大多数情况下 “needs” 仅作为名词复数使用。

  • 单数名词: need
  • 形容词: needy (贫穷的), needless (不需要的)

大多数情况下,只要把它看作 “need” 的复数即可。在遇到 “must needs” 时,把它理解为 “must necessarily”(必须必然)。

“As the small town grew into a city, the people’s needs changed. They no longer just needed water and land; they needed electricity, schools, and hospitals to support their new way of life.” (随着小镇成长为城市,人们的需求也发生了变化。他们不再仅仅需要水和土地;他们还需要电力、学校和医院来支持他们的新生活方式。)