Lintel
“Lintel” 是一个名词,建筑术语,指横跨在门、窗等开口上方、支撑上方墙体重量的水平结构梁。即门楣或窗楣,是建筑中承重的重要构件。与门槛(threshold)相对——lintel 在上,threshold 在下。
- “The ancient temple’s lintel was carved with intricate mythological scenes.” (古庙的门楣上雕刻着精美的神话场景。)
- “A crack in the lintel above the door suggested structural damage.” (门上方过梁上的裂缝表明存在结构损坏。)
- “The stone lintel had supported the weight of the wall for over three centuries.” (这块石制过梁已支撑墙体重量超过三个世纪。)
源自拉丁语 “limitaris”(门槛的)或 “limit-”(门槛),经古法语 “lintel” 进入英语。与 “limit”(界限)有词源联系——门楣和门槛共同界定出入口的边界。
无前缀和后缀。作为完整的法语/拉丁借词进入英语。
在西方建筑传统中,lintel 是古典建筑的重要元素。希腊神庙的楣梁(architrave)即 lintel 的一种。许多古老建筑在 lintel 上雕刻铭文或装饰,使其成为建筑艺术的载体。现代建筑中,钢筋混凝土 lintel 替代了传统的石梁。
- 固定搭配: “stone lintel” (石过梁), “door lintel” (门楣), “window lintel” (窗楣)
- 反义词: threshold(门槛,位于开口下方)
“Lintel” 与 “line” 发音相近——过梁是一条横跨开口上方的”线”。也可联想 “lint” + “el”:门楣像一条横线(line)横在门顶。
“The archaeologist brushed dust from the lintel of the forgotten tomb. Carved into the stone were symbols she had never seen before—perhaps a language lost to time. The lintel had held firm for millennia, protecting the chamber within, while the civilization that built it had long since vanished.” (考古学家拂去遗忘墓穴门楣上的灰尘。石头上雕刻着她从未见过的符号——也许是失传已久的语言。门楣已屹立数千年,守护着墓室内部,而建造它的文明早已消失。)