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Insurrection

“Insurrection” 是一个名词。它指的是一场针对政府、权威机构或统治实体的武装反抗或大规模暴力起义。这通常比单纯的抗议更激烈,但规模可能比全面的革命(revolution)要小一些。

  1. “The army was called in to suppress the local insurrection.” (军队被派去镇压当地的叛乱。)
  2. “History books describe the events of 1848 as a period of failed insurrections.” (历史书将1848年的事件描述为一段失败的起义时期。)
  3. “The plotters were arrested before they could launch their planned insurrection.” (阴谋分子在发动计划中的叛乱之前就被逮捕了。)

源于中世纪英语晚期,来自后期拉丁语 insurrectio,由 insurgere(站起来,反抗)的过去分词形式演变而来,最终由 in-(之上)+ surgere(升起/站立)组成。

  • 前缀: in- (之上)
  • 词根: surrect (来自 surgere,升起)
  • 后缀: -ion (名词后缀,表示动作或状态)

在西方政治历史中,“insurrection” 常与对压迫的反抗联系在一起。许多国家的建国史中都有著名的起义。在现代法律语境中,煽动或参与起义是极其严重的刑事罪行。

  • 固定搭配: “armed insurrection” (武装起义), “suppress an insurrection” (镇压叛乱)。
  • 相关形式: insurgent (名词/形容词 - 叛乱者), insurrect (动词 - 较少用)。

in (之上) + surrect (站起)。想象一群人“站起来”反抗压迫。

In the remote province, the tax burden became so heavy that the farmers decided to take up arms. This small-scale insurrection lasted for only three weeks before the central government sent its elite troops. (在那个偏远的省份,税收负担变得如此沉重,以至于农民们决定拿起武器。这场小规模的起义只持续了三周,中央政府就派出了精锐部队。)