Inhibitor
“Inhibitor” 指能够阻止、减缓或压制某种化学反应、生物过程或心理行为的物质或因素。在科学领域(化学、生物、医学)中非常常用。
- “The scientist added a chemical inhibitor to slow down the reaction.” (科学家加入了一种化学抑制剂来减缓反应。)
- “Aspirin acts as an inhibitor of certain enzymes that cause pain.” (阿司匹林作为引起疼痛的某些酶的抑制剂起作用。)
- “Fear can be a powerful inhibitor of personal growth.” (恐惧可能是个人成长的一大阻碍因素。)
词根 “hibit” (源自拉丁语 habere,意为“持有、握住”)。加上前缀 “in-” (进入、在内),表示“控制住、压制住”。与 “exhibit” (展示), “prohibit” (禁止) 同源。
- 前缀: “in-” (在内)
- 词根: “hibit” (握住)
- 后缀: “-or” (名词后缀,表示物或人)
在现代医学中,“ACE inhibitors”(ACE抑制剂)是常见的降压药。在心理学中,“social inhibitor” 指让人在社交场合变得拘谨的因素。
- 动词: inhibit (抑制)
- 名词: inhibition (压抑、禁欲、阻碍)
in (里面) + hibit (握住) + or (东西) = 握在里面不让出来的东西 -> 抑制剂。
“In the lab, the reaction was too fast and dangerous. The computer warned: ‘Warning! Excessive heat!’ Dr. Smith quickly poured the inhibitor into the flask. Slowly, the bubbling stopped, and the liquid turned clear again.” (实验室里,反应太快且危险。电脑警告:“警告!过热!”史密斯博士迅速将抑制剂倒入烧瓶。慢慢地,气泡停止了,液体再次变清澈。)