Ingratitude

分析词义

“Ingratitude” 是名词，指对他人给予的帮助、恩惠或善意缺乏感激之情，甚至以怨报德的行为或态度。

列举例句

“He was shocked by the ingratitude of the relatives he had helped for years.” (他对自己资助多年的亲戚们的忘恩负义感到震惊。)
“To ignore his sacrifice is a sign of pure ingratitude.” (无视他的牺牲是纯粹忘恩负义的表现。)
“The King was hurt by the ingratitude of his subjects.” (国王被臣民的不感激所伤害。)

词根分析

词根: “grat” (来自拉丁语 gratus，意为“感激、令人愉快的”)
与 “grateful”, “gratitude” 同源。

词缀分析

前缀: “in-” (表示否定)
词根: “grat” (感激)
后缀: “-itude” (抽象名词后缀，表示状态)

文化背景

在莎士比亚的作品（如《李尔王》）中，“ingratitude” 是一个核心主题，被视为极其恶劣的道德败坏。西方文化中，感恩 (gratitude) 是核心美德，因此 “ingratitude” 常带有强烈的贬义。

单词变形

形容词: ungrateful (忘恩负义的)
反义词: gratitude (感激)

记忆辅助

in (不) + gratitude (感激) = 不感激 -> 忘恩负义。

助记故事

“The farmer saved a snake from the freezing snow. But as soon as the snake felt warm, it bit the farmer. The farmer sighed and said, ‘What a display of ingratitude!’ before he collapsed.” (农夫在冰雪中救了一条蛇。但蛇一暖和过来，就反咬了农夫一口。农夫在倒下前叹了口气说：“真是忘恩负义啊！”)