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Indolent

“Indolent” 是形容词,通常带有批评色彩,指:

  1. 性格上: 懒惰、爱拖延、不愿从事体力或脑力劳动。
  2. 医学上: (病变等)无痛的、发展缓慢的(如 indolent ulcer)。
  1. “He was an indolent student who spent more time sleeping than studying.” (他是个懒惰的学生,睡觉的时间比学习的时间还多。)
  2. “The hot, humid weather made everyone feel indolent and sluggish.” (炎热潮湿的天气让每个人都感到懒散、没精打采。)
  3. “The doctor diagnosed the growth as an indolent tumor, meaning it was slow-moving and not immediately dangerous.” (医生诊断该肿块为惰性肿瘤,意味着它发展缓慢,没有立即的危险。)
  • 前缀: “in-” (不)。
  • 词根: “dolere” (感到痛苦),源自拉丁语。
  • 含义: 字面意思为“不感到痛苦的”。原本指一种免于痛苦的状态,后来演变为“不愿努力/回避劳苦”的意思,即“懒惰”。
  • 前缀: “in-” (否定)。
  • 核心: “dol” (痛苦)。
  • 后缀: “-ent” (形容词后缀)。

在传统的基督教道德观念中,“sloth”(懒惰)是“七宗罪”之一。“Indolent” 这个词捕捉到了这种不仅是不想工作,而且是由于缺乏道德驱动力而导致的极度懒散状态。

  • 名词: “indolence” (懒惰)。
  • 副词: “indolently” (懒惰地)。
  • 反义词: “industrious” (勤奋的)。

将单词拆分为 in- (不) + dol (dull,无聊/痛苦)。想象一个人觉得工作太无聊/太痛苦,所以他“不”愿意去碰它,那他就是“懒惰的”。

“While all the other ants were busy gathering food for the winter, Iggy the ant was indolent. He spent his days lying on a leaf, sunbathing and singing. When the first snow fell, Iggy was hungry and cold. He realized that being indolent might be fun in the summer, but it was dangerous in the winter.” (当所有其他蚂蚁都在忙着为冬天收集食物时,小蚂蚁伊基却很懒惰。他整天躺在叶子上,晒太阳、唱歌。当第一场雪落下时,伊基又饿又冷。他意识到,夏天懒散可能很有趣,但冬天就很危险了。)